Individual rights and organizational theory

Rights are very important concepts in everyday life. And they are especially important to participants in organizations. Yet, our theories of organization and management have largely ignored rights — stressing, instead, other concepts, such as goals, roles, etc. This article describes the historical significance of rights and their relevance in understanding social behavior. The advantages of a right-based organizational theory (versus traditional goal-based theories) are discussed.This article draws on the author's forthcoming book,A Social-Contract Theory of Organizations (University of Notre Dame Press, 1988).     

Selecting Sites for New Facilities Using Data Envelopment Analysis

This paper develops a mathematical programming model for obtaining a best set of sites for planned facilities. The model is concerned with those situations where resource constraints are present. The specific setting for the paper involves the selection of sites for a set of retail outlets, wherein the ratio of aggregate outputs to inputs for the selected set is maximal among all possible sets that could be chosen. At the same time, the model guarantees that the only sets of stores allowable are those for which the available resources are used to the maximum extent possible.     

论老年人力资源的开发与利用

随着我国人口老龄化进程的加快,我国空巢老人家庭发展迅速。老年人口已成为我国不可忽视的重要问题之一,如果不及早采取正确的和有效的措施,就会给社会经济发展带来不利的影响。开发和利用老年人力资源实现老有所为,是综合治理人口老龄化的积极对策与战略措施。本文阐述了人口老龄化对我国老年人力资源开发的机遇及挑战,特别论述了老年再就业的可能性和重要性以及因此而产生的社会效应,并对我国的老年人力资源开发工作提出一些建议。     

试论企业的终端营销攻略

本文分析了销售终端在企业经营战略中的重大意义，并主要以海尔为例对当今市场经济条件下企业销售终端的建立，提出了若干思路和建议。     

An alternative employee rights paradigm: Labor process theory

A dialectical relationship exists between the capitalist desire for accumulation of wealth and profits, and the rights of employees. Labor process theory exposes facets of the fundamental incongruity between the interests of employers and workers in a capitalist political economy. An analysis of employee rights through the labor process framework facilitates the potential for human emancipation by illuminating the ideological, political, and economic sources of domination and repression that are embedded in the capitalist system. In this article, three core elements of labor process theory—the social relations of production, the managerial control imperative, and the restructuring of work—are used to highlight ways in which organizations maintain their hegemonic position. This exposé offers the basis for an alternative paradigmatic view of the employment relationship and informs our thinking of how employee rights are impacted, and often tempered, in work organizations. Portions of this article were presented by both authors at the 12th Annual International Labour Process Conference March, 1994 in Birmingham, England.     

最终控制人特征与上市公司现金股利政策

本文以2002年-2004年上市公司的股利分配数据,实证检验了最终控制人的特征对上市公司现金股利政策的影响.结果表明.上市公司现金股利政策与最终控制人的侵害动机成反比,现金股利的支付率随着最终控制人控制权比例的增加呈先减少后增加的U形变动;两权分离程度越小,派发现金股利的水平就越大,但这种影响主要来自于较高的现金流量权,现金流量权比例越大,派发现金股利的概率和水平也越大;最终控制人性质为政府尤其是地方政府时,上市公司派发现金股利的概率和水平更高.     

基于遗传算法的钢筋混凝土梁离散优化设计

首先给出钢筋混凝土矩形截面简支梁的离散优化模型，进而给出了简化的数学模型，设计了相应的适应度函数，用改进遗传算法来寻求最优设计方案，取得了较好的效果。     

基于遗传算法的军用集装箱装载优化

以军用集装箱装载为研究对象，在考虑实际应用中的一些约束条件下，构造了军用物资的装载优化模型，提出了一种军用集装箱三维装载的遗传算法。该算法考虑了货物放置方向、装载客积、装载质量及装载重心等约束条件。最后对一个案例进行了计算，验证了该模型的有效性，并且利用3ds max得到了装载方案的三维图。     

解读会计信息产权

会计信息外部性的存在带来会计信息供求的冲突,解决此冲突的规则就是会计信息产权。会计信息产权需要界定才能发挥其应有的效能,会计信息产权的界定取决于对企业所有权分享、管制和道德等因素,企业所有权分享下的会计信息产权界定是初始的界定,无法完成初始界定时可采用管制方式进行强权界定,道德是会计信息产权界定不可缺少的因素。国企改革所滋生的各种问题的根源在于会计信息产权畸形性,欲抑制其畸形,正确处理国企所有权的分享问题的同时,建立“共同治理”的机制和“相机治理”机制是必不可少的。     

供应链环境下的成本管理研究

本文就供应链环境下成本管理问题展开研究。文章认为在供应链环境中,管理者面临着更加复杂的成本问题,这就要求我们整合传统的成本管理框架,拓展成本管理的视野。为此,本文阐述了基于供应链模式下的成本管理目标、影响成本管理维度、成本管理方法和成本管理组织机构设立等等方面内容。说明成本管理目标是提升整个供应链的竞争力;影响成本管理维度的因素分别为产品、关系和资源;在供应链环境下作业成本法和链式目标成本是常常采用的成本方法。其次说明了柔性管理团队是供应链模式下成本管理目标实现的组织保证。